The trap should be placed at the site of known infestations. There's also the matter of when and where to put these traps. For this reason, we will be supplementing our trap with this chemical lure. supplemented the carbon dioxide delivery system with a chemical lure consisting of nonanal, 1-octen-3-ol, spearmint oil, and coriander Egyptian oil, the trap caught 2.25-fold more bed bugs than a trap without the chemical lure (Singh et al. If funds are available, the inside should be coated lightly with a fluoropolymer resin to prevent escape by increasing slippage, otherwise, a light dusting of talcum powder applied evenly with a brush should suffice (Singh et al. The tape must be applied tightly without gaps so that bed bugs cannot hide in any crevices. The outer layer of the trap will be covered with surgical tape that has been dyed black, due to the superiority of this color in attracting bed bugs (Singh et al. It also essential that the outer layer is textured enough for the bed bugs to climb up, but that the inside is slippery enough for them not to be able to crawl back up, so the inside of the bowl must be smooth, untextured plastic. Sufficient depth of the dog bowl is imperative to ensure that trapped bugs cannot escape, so a dog bowl must be used that is approximately as deep as 6.4 cm (Singh et al. demonstrated success in catching bed bugs using a pitfall trap constructed from an inverted plastic dog bowl, roughly 600 ml in volume, 18 cm in diameter, and 6.4 cm in depth (Singh et al. This yeast and sugar apparatus will supply the carbon dioxide and the warm water will supply an additional heat attractant, but a pitfall trap to catch and contain the bugs will also be needed. This rate was achieved and sustained for 8 hours by mixing 150 g of yeast, 750 g of granulated cane sugar, and 3 liters of warm water in a 4 gallon plastic container (Singh et al. found that a carbon dioxide release rate of 400 ml/min was superior at collecting bed bugs when compared to a rate of 100 or 200 ml/min (Singh et al. For these reasons, we decided to use fermenting yeast traps.
found that mixtures of fermenting yeast and sugar are as effective as gas cylinders at attracting bed bugs by producing carbon dioxide, at a fraction of the cost (Singh et al. A fermenting mixture of yeast, sugar, and warm water appears to be the best option due to its convenience, low cost, and easy availability of materials (Singh et al. Dry ice poses additional storage, transportation, and handling issues (Singh et al. Gas cylinders are costly and run the risk of leakage (Singh et al.
Although humans and other animals are a source of carbon dioxide, it would be unethical and unwise to use humans or other animals as bait because of the possibility of infection or allowing the bed bugs to spread. 2013). Animals expel carbon dioxide, so bed bugs are able to find human or animal flesh because they are attracted to carbon dioxide. There are three major carbon dioxide delivery systems to consider: gas cylinders, dry ice, and a yeast and sugar fermenting mixture (Singh et al.
These attractants include carbon dioxide, heat, and chemical lures, and a trap that combines all three of these attractants will be most effective at trapping bed bugs (Singh et al. In order to attract these bugs and lure them out from hiding, we must consider that they need to feed on people, so our trap should mimic the things that bed bugs are attracted to in a person.
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